{"ikmk_id":"6369","eLearning_completed":"0","primary_source_id":"0","title":"R\u00f6m. Republik: A. 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Heinrich-Heine-Universit\u00e4t D\u00fcsseldorf (HHU), ID6369. Aufnahme durch Sebastian Lindermann.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Heinrich-Heine-Universit\u00e4t D\u00fcsseldorf (HHU), ID6369. Photographs by Sebastian Lindermann."}},"revers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"A POST A F S N ALBIN","image_description":"Mann in Toga \/ r\u00f6mischer B\u00fcrger stehend nach l., im gr\u00fc\u00dfenden Gestus der adlocutio, links ein Legionsadler, rechts Rutenb\u00fcndel (fasces) mit Beil, Perlkreis.","foto_date":"2014-05-07","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"1","photographer_name":"Sebastian Lindermann","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/muenzkatalog.hhu-hosting.de\/image\/ID6369\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/muenzkatalog.hhu-hosting.de\/image\/ID6369\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"images\/n6\/6369\/rs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/muenzkatalog.hhu-hosting.de\/image\/ID6369\/rs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/muenzkatalog.hhu-hosting.de\/image\/ID6369\/rs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1469025294,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Heinrich-Heine-Universit\u00e4t D\u00fcsseldorf (HHU), ID6369. Aufnahme durch Sebastian Lindermann.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Heinrich-Heine-Universit\u00e4t D\u00fcsseldorf (HHU), ID6369. Photographs by Sebastian Lindermann."}},"division":{"ikmk_division_id":"1","division_name_de":"Antike","division_name_en":"Antiquity"},"sub_division":{"ikmk_subdivision_id":"2","subdivision_name_de":"R\u00f6mische Republik","subdivision_name_en":"Roman Republic"},"literatur":"RRC Nr. 372,2.","comment":"Auf der Vs. befindet sich eine bogenf\u00f6rmige Punze. Die M\u00fcnzbilder nehmen Bezug auf einen Vorfahren des M\u00fcnzmeisters, auf L. Postumius Albinus, der im Jahr 180 Praetor in Spanien war. Vermutllich handelt es sich bei dem auf der Rs. dargestellten r\u00f6mischen B\u00fcrger um eben diesen L. Postumius Albinus.","period":{"ikmk_period_id":"3","name_de":"Hellenismus","name_en":null,"description_de":"","description_en":null,"concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4024313-8","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/periode\/3"},"year_start":"-81","year_end":"-81","date_verbal":"81 v. Chr.","year_islam":"0","references":[{"ikmk_referenz_id":20,"souce":"RRC","number":"372,2","similar":"0"}],"type_references":{"4542":"http:\/\/numismatics.org\/crro\/id\/rrc-372.2"},"manufacturing":[{"ikmk_manufacturing_id":"21","manufacturing_name_de":"gepr\u00e4gt","manufacturing_name_en":"struck","nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/struck","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/herstellungtyp\/21"}],"linked_persons_corporations":{"108":{"ikmk_type_id":"108","type_name_de":"M\u00fcnzmeister (MM Ant)","type_name_en":"Mintmaster (MM Ant)","type_nomisma_id":"","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4170686-9","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/persontype\/108","items":{"1575":{"ikmk_person_id":"1575","title_de":"","first_name_de":"","last_name_de":"Aulus Postumius Albinus","vitalDates":"","title_en":null,"first_name_en":null,"last_name_en":"Aulus Postumius Albinus","corporation":"0","lod":{"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1185796177":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1185796177","https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/1792155769085427880008":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/1792155769085427880008","http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/a_post_a_f_s_n_albin_rrc":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/a_post_a_f_s_n_albin_rrc","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/1575":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/1575"}}}},"125":{"ikmk_type_id":"125","type_name_de":"Ver\u00e4u\u00dferer (an Museum)","type_name_en":"Vendor (to Museum)","type_nomisma_id":"","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4126928-7","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/persontype\/125","items":{"11543":{"ikmk_person_id":"11543","title_de":null,"first_name_de":null,"last_name_de":"M\u00fcnzen & Medaillen Galerie K\u00f6ln Auktionshaus Knopek","vitalDates":null,"title_en":null,"first_name_en":null,"last_name_en":"M\u00fcnzen & Medaillen Galerie K\u00f6ln Auktionshaus Knopek","corporation":"1","lod":{"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/5060833-2":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/5060833-2","https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/126217365":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/126217365","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/koerperschaft\/11543":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/koerperschaft\/11543"}}}}},"keywords":[{"ikmk_keyword_id":"1","keyword":"Antike","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4068754-5","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300055818"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"5","keyword":"Hellenismus, 4.-1. Jh. v. Chr.","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4024313-8","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020101"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"22","keyword":"Italien","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4027833-5","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/tgn\/1000080"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"67","keyword":"M\u00fcnzmeister\/-beamte","keyword_gnd_uri":"","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300205361"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"48","keyword":"Personifikationen","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4137737-0","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300055905"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"69","keyword":"Silber","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4133759-1","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/www.nomisma.org\/id\/ar"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"38","keyword":"St\u00e4dte","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4056723-0","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/city"}],"timeline_themes":[{"ikmk_timeline_id":"6","timeline_item":"Rom nach Einf\u00fchrung der Denarpr\u00e4gung","description":"Mit dem Denar, der bis weit in die r\u00f6mische Kaiserzeit hinein f\u00fcr fast 500 Jahre Hauptnominal bleiben sollte, schufen die R\u00f6mer eine eigenst\u00e4ndige Silberm\u00fcnze. Der Zeitpunkt seiner erstmaligen Auspr\u00e4gung ist in der numismatischen Forschung viel diskutiert und auch heute noch immer nicht g\u00e4nzlich gesichert. Besonders die Ausgrabungen im antiken Morgantina auf Sizilien engen die Einf\u00fchrung des Denars in die Jahre zwischen 215 und 211 v. Chr. inmitten des Krieges gegen Hannibal ein. Die M\u00fcnzbilder der r\u00f6mischen Republik sind wichtige ikonographische Zeugnisse der f\u00fchrenden Familien Roms in jener Zeit. Beschr\u00e4nkt sich zu Beginn des 2. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. das Bildspektrum auf wenige Typen, so gewinnt es im Laufe des 1. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. immer mehr an Bedeutung als Medium des sp\u00e4trepublikanischen Legitimationsdiskurses. In den Auseinandersetzungen zwischen den Caesaranh\u00e4ngern und -gegnern und schlie\u00dflich zwischen M. Antonius und Octavianus erwiesen sich die M\u00fcnzen als wirkungsvolles Propagandamittel.","year_from":"-212","year_until":"-27","autor":"Weisser, Bernhard"}],"secondary_treatment":[{"ikmk_secondary_treatment_id":"32","item_de":"mit Punze","item_en":"punched","description_de":"Einhieb mit einer Punze, zeitgen\u00f6ssisch oder sp\u00e4ter angebracht. Im Gegensatz zum st\u00e4rker elaborierten Gegenstempel wird eine Punze als einfachere, dem M\u00fcnzk\u00f6rper beigebrachte (negative) Vertiefung mit Buchstaben oder Ziffer, meist ohne eigene Randgestaltung definiert. Nicht zu verwechseln mit den positiven Buchstaben- oder Bildpunzen, welche bei der Stempelherstellung Anwendung finden.","description_en":"Intentionally marked with a punch, both contemporary to the object and later. In contrast to a countermark of a much more simple design. Not to be confused with punches creating a positive image, which were used during the manufacture of a die.","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/secondaryTreatment\/32","concept":["http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/punched"]}],"text_right":{"short":"CC BY-SA 4.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/l\/by-sa\/4.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Creative Commons Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International","en":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International"},"string":{"de":"Texte und Beschreibungen in diesem Online-Katalog stehen unter einer <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a> Lizenz.","en":"Texts and descriptions of this catalogue are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>."}},"lod_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"},"string":{"de":"Verwendete LOD-Identifikatoren sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">PDM 1.0<\/a>.","en":"LOD ids used are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>."}},"image_restriction_id":0,"image_restriction":"free","image_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"}}}